PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Barroso C.E., Agreste F.R., Silva L.C.S., Bombonato P.P. & Cogliati B. 2012. [Morphometric aspects of the thymus in domestic cats (Felis domesticus).] Aspectos morfométricos do timo em gatos domésticos (Felis domesticus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):41-46. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: camilaercolini@usp.br The thymus is a primary lymphatic organ that develops its activity in young organisms. But despite its function is fundamental mechanisms responsible for the acquisition and subsequent body defenses, it is not yet fully understood, neither the morphological basis accounting for such functions as the process of development and the organ involution. The objective was to analyze and characterize the morphology of the thymus, such as its size and volume, and histological aspects of the thymus in cats, correlating sex and age development. Twelve foetus of mongrel domestic cats (Felis domesticus), males and females, divided into three age groups. The thymus presented two parts with a pale pink color, the thoracic and cervical portion; each has a right lobe and a left lobe mostly. The thoracic portion was located in the region of cranial mediastinum, between the lungs and the heart base. And the cervical portion extended beyond the ribs cranially and is located ventral to the trachea. The thymus cellular structure was shown by the presence of organized concentric aggregates, named Hassall’s corpuscles, formed by epithelial cells, supported by a connective tissue capsule that penetrated the parenchyma dividing it into lobules. Significant changes with number of lobes and thymus size between individuals of the same age, and between sex. The values for length, thickness and width, in general, showed an increase, according to the development of animals, with differences between sex.

• Thymus Felis domesticus timo felinos

Abstract in Portuguese:

Abstract.- Barroso C.E., Agreste F.R., Silva L.C.S., Bombonato P.P. & Cogliati B. 2012. [Morphometric aspects of the thymus in domestic cats (Felis domesticus).] Aspectos morfométricos do timo em gatos domésticos (Felis domesticus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):41-46. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: camilaercolini@usp.br O timo é um órgão linfático primário que desenvolve sua atividade em organismos jovens. Apesar de sua função ser responsável por mecanismos fundamentais na aquisição das defesas e conseqüentes respostas orgânicas, ela ainda não está totalmente esclarecida, nem tampouco as bases morfológicas que respondem por tais funções, como o processo de desenvolvimento e involução do órgão. Objetivou-se analisar e caracterizar os aspectos morfológicos do timo, tais como seu tamanho e volume, e aspectos histológicos do timo em gatos, correlacionando o sexo e o desenvolvimento etário. Doze timos provenientes de fetos de gatos domésticos (Felis domesticus) sem raça definida (SRD), machos e fêmeas, separados em três grupos etários. O timo apresentou-se com uma coloração rosa-pálida e com duas porções, a torácica e a cervical, sendo que cada uma delas possuía um lobo direito e um lobo esquerdo em sua maioria. A porção torácica localizava-se em região de mediastino cranial, entre os pulmões e à base do coração. E a porção cervical estendia-se além das costelas em sentido cranial, estando localizada ventralmente à traqueia. A estrutura celular do timo demonstrou-se organizada com a presença de agregados concêntricos, os chamados corpúsculos tímicos, formados por células epiteliais, sustentada por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo de onde partiam septos que ao penetrar no órgão dividia-o em lóbulos. Ocorreram variações significativas quanto à lobação e as dimensões do timo entre indivíduos da mesma faixa etária, e entre sexos diferentes. Os valores relativos ao comprimento, espessura e largura, de maneira geral, apresentaram aumento, em conformidade ao desenvolvimento dos animais, mas com diferenças entre os sexos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Diniz T.G., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K., Hernadez-Blasquez F.J. & Bombonato P.P. 2011. [Morphometry of the collagen fibers in healthy and diabetic rats treated with vitamin C.] Morfometria das fibras de colágeno cardiacas em ratos sadios e diabéticos suplementados com vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(Supl.1):1-6. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Melo 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br The increase of heart collagen fibers in diabetics is a well known fact, but the consequences are not defined. The aim was to quantify the cardiac collagen fibers in normal and diabetic rats treated with vitamin C. We selected 32 Wistar rats, 16 diabetic animals induced endovenously with streptozootocin, and 16 healthy animals, half of them, diabetics and normals, were treated with vitamin C for 90 days. After the experimental proceeding, the hearts were removed and processed accordingly to conventional protocol for optical microscopy and specific staining for collagen. The results showed that the diabetic rats presented increase in the number of cardiac collagen fibers, but the ones treated with vitamin C showed little accumulation of fibers. It could be concluded that treatment with vitamin C is important for the prevention of heart failure in diabetic animals.

• Heart collagen Diabetes mellitus vitamin C coração colágeno Diabetes mellitus vitamina C

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Diniz T.G., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K., Hernadez-Blasquez F.J. & Bombonato P.P. 2011. [Morphometry of the collagen fibers in healthy and diabetic rats treated with vitamin C.] Morfometria das fibras de colágeno cardiacas em ratos sadios e diabéticos suplementados com vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(Supl.1):1-6. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Melo 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br O aumento do conteúdo de fibras colágenas no coração de diabéticos é um fato bastante conhecido, suas conseqüências ainda são objeto de estudo e causam certa controvérsia, portanto este trabalho objetivou estudar a variação na quantidade das fibras de colágeno cardíacas em animais normais e diabéticos tratados pela vitamina C. Para isso foram selecionados 32 ratos Wistar, 16 diabéticos induzidos pela injeção endovenosa de estreptozootocina e 16 normais, sendo metade deles tratados com Vitamina C (diabéticos e normais) por um período de 90 dias. Após período experimental, os corações foram retirados e processados segundo protocolo convencional para microscopia óptica e coloração específica para colágeno. Os resultados mostram que animais diabéticos apresentam maior quantidade de fibras de colágeno cardíacas e que o tratamento com a vitamina C determinou um menor acúmulo na quantidade dessas fibras.

Abstract in English:

RESUMO.- Cortez A.C., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K. & Bombonato P.P. 2009. [Histomorfometric study of the spleen of healthy and diabetic Wistar rats supplemented or not with vitamin C.] Estudo histomorfométrico do baço de ratos Wistar sadios e diabéticos suplementados ou não pela vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):834-840. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Pires de Mello 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br O objetivo deste trabalho foi de analisar morfometricamente fragmentos histológicos do baço de animais normais e diabéticos, comparando os resultados encontrados e relacionando-os ao sexo e a suplementação da vitamina C. Foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, os quais foram analisados número de vasos, o número de folículos germinativos (polpa branca) e o diâmetro dos vasos de cada animal. As análises histológicas e morfometricas foram feitas em amostras de 5µm de espessura demonstrando que: na quantidade de folículos germinativos, observamos resultados comparando, independente do sexo, animais controles suplementados com vitamina C e controles não suplementados (p£”0,05; F=0,1452); na quantidade de vasos, observamos resultados comparando, fêmeas diabéticas suplementadas pela vitamina C e fêmeas diabéticas não suplementadas (pd”0,05; F=6.8893); e no diâmetro dos vasos, observamos resultados comparando fêmeas, tanto no grupo controle quanto ao grupo diabético, suplementadas pela vitamina C quando comparadas às fêmeas não suplementadas pela vitamina C (p<0,05; U=121.50; Z(U)=2.1234) e (p<0,05; F=4.8134). De um modo geral, a indução de diabetess modifica o diâmetro vascular nas fêmeas e que a administração de vitamina C interfere nos dados métricos relativos ao diâmetro vascular somente nas fêmeas.

• Wistar rats Diabetes mellitus Spleen Vitamin C

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Cortez A.C., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K. & Bombonato P.P. 2009. [Histomorfometric study of the spleen of healthy and diabetic Wistar rats supplemented or not with vitamin C.] Estudo histomorfométrico do baço de ratos Wistar sadios e diabéticos suplementados ou não pela vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):834-840. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Pires de Mello 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br The objective of this study was to analyze morphometric histological shatters of the spleen of normal and diabetic animals, comparing the joined results and relating them in the sex and the suplementation of vitamin C. Had been used 32 Wistar rats, which had been analyzed: number of vases; the number of germinative folicules (white pulp); and the diameter of the vases of each animal. Histological and morphometric analyses were applied on 5µm thick samples and showed that: in the amount of germinative folicules, we observe resulted comparing, independent of the sex, animals controls supplemented with vitamin C and controls not supplemented (p£0.05; F=0.1452); in the amount of vases, we observe resulted comparing, of diabetic females supplemented by vitamin C when compared with not supplemented (pd”0.05; F=6.8893); and in the diameter of the vases, we observe resulted comparing females, as much in the group has controlled how much to the diabetic group, supplemented with vitamin C when compared with the females not supplemented with vitamin C (p<0.05; U=121.50; Z(U)=2.1234) and (p<0,05; F=4.8134). In a general way, the induction of diabetes modifies the vascular diameter in the females and that the vitamin C administration only intervenes with relative metric data to the vascular diameter in the females.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Vidotti A.P., Agreste F.R., Bombonato P.P. & Prado I.M.M. 2008. [Arterial vascularization of the sinoatrial node in swine hearts: origin, distribution and quantification.] Vascularização arterial da região do nó sinoatrial em corações suínos: origem, distribuição e quantificação. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(2):113-118. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: avidotti@usp.br The sinoatrial node, for being topographically installed as the initial component of the conduction system, is responsible for the production of the nervous impulses, which determines the cardiac contraction. There have been made studies related to the node’s morphology in order to know the origin, distribution and quantification of the vases in this tissue, however, in spite of the results and quantitative data of the nodal irrigation - arterial vascular conduct and arterial vascular density, at the nodal level - the literature is scarce. With this objective 27 SRD swine hearts, injected with colored resin for macroscopic analysis of the origin and distribution of ANSA (sinoatrial node artery), 3 others injected with watery solution of colloidal coal (dyed nanquim) were used, to mark the route of the vases on the node level for stereological analysis. The atrial arteries originated as well from the right coronary artery as from the left one, with predominance of the first (66.66% and 33.33%, respectively). When originated from the right coronary artery, there existed the following branches: AADAM (right cranial medial atrial artery) in 14 cases, AADAI (right cranial intermedial atrial artery) in 2 cases, and AADAL (right cranial lateral atrial artery) in 2 cases. In 9 cases (33.33%) the following branches originated from the left coronary artery: 4 through branch AASPL (left caudal lateral atrial artery), 2 through branch AASAI (left cranial intermedial atrial artery) and 3 through branch AASAM (left cranial medial atrial artery). Interarterial anastomoses with vessels responsible for irrigation of the sinoatrial node area were observed in most of the cases (25 hearts). The Volume or Reference Volume (V(ref)) of the hearts were 35.32x104µm3. For the stereological variables analyzed, the estimate density of the vessel length (Lv) was 766; the vessel length (L) - mm - was 27.06x105µm; the area’s surface density (Sv) was 182 and the area’s surface (S) - mm2 - was 64.3x106µm2. The estimate of the vascular numeric density (Nv(vasc)) - total of vessels per unit of volume (cm3) was 2.19 10-5, and the total number of vessels in the organ (N(vasc)), estimated by the physical dissector method in combination with the estimate of the number of Euler (Xv), was 773.6832 x10-2. The raised vascular density and total number of vases in the swine’s sinoatrial node area suggests the existence of a vascular perinodal network complex and dense, ratifying the importance of this mark-pass for its blood supply.

• Heart vascularization sinoatrial node morphometry swine

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Vidotti A.P., Agreste F.R., Bombonato P.P. & Prado I.M.M. 2008. [Arterial vascularization of the sinoatrial node in swine hearts: origin, distribution and quantification.] Vascularização arterial da região do nó sinoatrial em corações suínos: origem, distribuição e quantificação. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(2):113-118. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: avidotti@usp.br The sinoatrial node, for being topographically installed as the initial component of the conduction system, is responsible for the production of the nervous impulses, which determines the cardiac contraction. There have been made studies related to the node’s morphology in order to know the origin, distribution and quantification of the vases in this tissue, however, in spite of the results and quantitative data of the nodal irrigation - arterial vascular conduct and arterial vascular density, at the nodal level - the literature is scarce. With this objective 27 SRD swine hearts, injected with colored resin for macroscopic analysis of the origin and distribution of ANSA (sinoatrial node artery), 3 others injected with watery solution of colloidal coal (dyed nanquim) were used, to mark the route of the vases on the node level for stereological analysis. The atrial arteries originated as well from the right coronary artery as from the left one, with predominance of the first (66.66% and 33.33%, respectively). When originated from the right coronary artery, there existed the following branches: AADAM (right cranial medial atrial artery) in 14 cases, AADAI (right cranial intermedial atrial artery) in 2 cases, and AADAL (right cranial lateral atrial artery) in 2 cases. In 9 cases (33.33%) the following branches originated from the left coronary artery: 4 through branch AASPL (left caudal lateral atrial artery), 2 through branch AASAI (left cranial intermedial atrial artery) and 3 through branch AASAM (left cranial medial atrial artery). Interarterial anastomoses with vessels responsible for irrigation of the sinoatrial node area were observed in most of the cases (25 hearts). The Volume or Reference Volume (V(ref)) of the hearts were 35.32x104µm3. For the stereological variables analyzed, the estimate density of the vessel length (Lv) was 766; the vessel length (L) - mm - was 27.06x105µm; the area’s surface density (Sv) was 182 and the area’s surface (S) - mm2 - was 64.3x106µm2. The estimate of the vascular numeric density (Nv(vasc)) - total of vessels per unit of volume (cm3) was 2.19 10-5, and the total number of vessels in the organ (N(vasc)), estimated by the physical dissector method in combination with the estimate of the number of Euler (Xv), was 773.6832 x10-2. The raised vascular density and total number of vases in the swine’s sinoatrial node area suggests the existence of a vascular perinodal network complex and dense, ratifying the importance of this mark-pass for its blood supply.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Agreste F.R., Bombonato P.P. & Hernandez-Blazquez, F.J. 2007. [Morphometric characteristics of thymus development in dogs.] Características morfométricas do desenvolvimento do timo em cães. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(6):236-240. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: bombonat@usp.br The thymus is an organ with great immunological relevance during foetus life and neonatal period, It is the predecessor of lymphopoiesis and shows high lymphopoietic activity, being also the largest lymphoid organ during intrauterine life and at birth. In this study, the morphological aspects of the prenatal development of dog thymus were described in foetus of different ages and sexes. Twenty-four foetus of mongrel domestic dogs, males and females, were divided into four age groups. The thymus presented two lobes linked by a rose-colored tissue connection that was localized in the cranial mediastinal space. The cranial portion protrudes slightly beyond the first pair of ribs. The cells that formed the thymus parenchyma were well organized. Concentric aggregates named Hassal corpuscles were observed, involved by a thin capsule of connective tissue thickened by adipose tissue. The vessels size gradually increased with the foetus age, being larger in animals that were closer to birth. The volume (Vref) and size parameters of female thymus were larger than in males.

• Thymus vascularization lymphatic system morphometry dogs

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Agreste F.R., Bombonato P.P. & Hernandez-Blazquez, F.J. 2007. [Morphometric characteristics of thymus development in dogs.] Características morfométricas do desenvolvimento do timo em cães. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(6):236-240. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: bombonat@usp.br The thymus is an organ with great immunological relevance during foetus life and neonatal period, It is the predecessor of lymphopoiesis and shows high lymphopoietic activity, being also the largest lymphoid organ during intrauterine life and at birth. In this study, the morphological aspects of the prenatal development of dog thymus were described in foetus of different ages and sexes. Twenty-four foetus of mongrel domestic dogs, males and females, were divided into four age groups. The thymus presented two lobes linked by a rose-colored tissue connection that was localized in the cranial mediastinal space. The cranial portion protrudes slightly beyond the first pair of ribs. The cells that formed the thymus parenchyma were well organized. Concentric aggregates named Hassal corpuscles were observed, involved by a thin capsule of connective tissue thickened by adipose tissue. The vessels size gradually increased with the foetus age, being larger in animals that were closer to birth. The volume (Vref) and size parameters of female thymus were larger than in males.